Publication 225 |
2000 Tax Year |
Rents (Including Crop Shares)
The rent you receive for the use of your farm land is generally
rental income, not farm income. However, if you materially participate
in farming operations on the land, the rent is farm income. See
Landlord Participation in Farming in chapter 15.
Pasture income and rental.
If you pasture someone else's cattle and take care of the livestock
for a fee, the income is from your farming business. You must enter it
as Other income on Schedule F. If you simply rent your
pasture for a flat cash amount without providing services, report the
income as rent in Part I of Schedule E (Form 1040).
Crop Shares
You must include rent you receive in the form of crop shares in
income in the year you convert the shares to money or the equivalent
of money. It does not matter whether you use the cash method of
accounting or an accrual method of accounting.
If you materially participate in operating a farm from which you
receive rent in the form of crop shares or livestock, the rental
income is subject to self-employment tax. (See Landlord
Participation in Farming in chapter 15.)
Report the rental
income on Schedule F.
If you do not materially participate in operating the farm, report
this income on Form 4835 and carry the net income or loss to Schedule
E (Form 1040). The income is not subject to self-employment tax.
Crop shares you use to feed livestock.
Crop shares you receive as a landlord and feed to your livestock
are considered converted to money when fed to the livestock. You must
include the fair market value of the crop shares in income at that
time. You are entitled to a business expense deduction for the
livestock feed in the same amount and at the same time you include the
fair market value of the crop share as rental income. Although these
two transactions cancel each other for figuring adjusted gross income
on Form 1040, they may be necessary to figure your self-employment
tax. See chapter 15.
Crop shares you give to others (gift).
Crop shares you receive as a landlord and give to others are
considered converted to money when you make the gift. You must report
the fair market value of the crop share as income, even though someone
else receives payment for the crop share.
Example.
A tenant farmed part of your land under a crop-share arrangement.
The tenant harvested and delivered the crop in your name to an
elevator company. Before selling any of the crop, you instructed the
elevator company to cancel your warehouse receipt and make out new
warehouse receipts in equal amounts of the crop in the names of your
children. They sell their crop shares in the following year and the
elevator company makes payments directly to your children.
In this situation, you are considered to have received rental
income and then made a gift of that income. You must include the fair
market value of the crop shares in your income for the tax year you
gave the crop shares to your children.
Crop share loss.
If you are involved in a rental or crop-share lease arrangement,
any loss from these activities may be subject to the limits under the
passive loss rules. See Publication 925
for information on these
rules.
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