Keyword: Employee Business Expenses
This is archived information that pertains only to the 2003 Tax Year. If you are looking for information for the current tax year, go to the Tax Prep Help Area.
3.2 Itemized Deductions/Standard Deductions: Education & Work-Related Expenses
Can I deduct the cost of classes I need for work?
In some cases, you may be able to deduct the cost of classes you need for
work. This deduction, however, would be subject to the 2 percent of AGI floor,
along with most other miscellaneous deductions you list on Form 1040, Schedule A (PDF), Itemized Deductions.
To be deductible, your expenses must be for education that:
(1) Maintains or improves skills required in your present job, or
(2) Serves a business purpose and is required by your employer, or by law,
to keep your present salary, status, or job.
However, these same expenses are not deductible if:
(1) The education is required to meet the minimum educational requirements
of your job, or
(2) The education is part of a program that will lead to qualifying you
in a new trade or business.
Educational expenses, related to your present work, that are incurred during
periods of temporary absence from your job may also be deductible provided
you return to the same job or same type of work. Generally, absence from work
for one year or less is considered temporary.
For more information, refer to Publication 508, Tax Benefits for
Work-Related Education; and Tax Topic 513, Educational
Expenses.
Reference:
Publication 508, Tax Benefits for Work-Related Education
Tax Topic 513, Educational Expenses
Am I eligible to claim both my job education expenses (minus 2%
of AGI) and the Lifetime Learning Credit on my taxes?
If you are eligible to deduct educational expenses and are also eligible
for the lifetime learning credit, then it is possible to claim both, as long
as you do NOT use the SAME educational expenses to claim both benefits. Your
expenses must be divided between the two. This is sometimes desirable because
a qualifying expense for one benefit may not be a qualifying expense for the
other tax benefit. For more information, refer to Publication 508, Tax
Benefits for Work-Related Education; Form 8863 (PDF), Education
Credit (Hope and Lifetime Learning Credit); and Tax Topic 513, Educational
Expenses.
References:
I am employed as a Registered Nurse and am currently taking classes
to be an Advanced Practitioner of Nursing (which is a master's Degree in Nursing).
My classes are not required by my employer but they do increase my knowledge
to do my job well. I will probably continue working for the same employer
when I graduate. Can I claim the cost of tuition, books, travel to the university,
etc., as an unreimbursed business expense?
You may be able to claim this deduction as long as the position of Advanced
Practitioner of Nursing does not constitute a change of trade or business.
If the education merely maintains or improves the skills required in your
employment and you merely have a change of duties, your expenses would likely
be deductible as job education expenses, subject to certain limitations. However,
you should consider the relative merits of taking a tax deduction versus taking
a tax credit (the Hope and Lifetime Learning Credits) for the same expense.
For more information on the Education Credits, including the Hope and Lifetime
Learning Credits, refer to Publication 970 , Tax Benefits for Higher
Education . For more information on deducting education expenses, refer
to Publication 508, Tax Benefits for Work-Related Higher Education; Tax Topic 513, Educational Expenses ; and
Instructions for Form 2106, Employee Business Expenses
References:
I took an accounting course in order to keep my salary on my current
job. My employer did not reimburse me for the expenses. Can I take a deduction
on my tax return for the cost of the course?
If you itemize deductions you may be able to deduct work-related educational
expenses as job expenses which, when combined with your other miscellaneous
deductions, are subject to the 2% of adjusted gross income limitation on Form 1040, Schedule A (PDF), Itemized Deductions.
To be deductible, your expenses must be for education that:
Maintains or improves skills required in your present job, or
Serves a business purpose and is required by your employer, or by law,
to keep your present salary, status, or job.
Your expenses are not deductible if the education is required to meet the
minimum educational requirements of your job or is part of a program that
will lead to qualifying you in a new trade or business. For more information
on deductible educational expenses, refer to Tax Topic 513, Educational
Expenses; or Publication 508, Educational Expenses; Tax Benefits
for Work-related Education;, and
Instructions for Form 2106, Employee
Business Expenses.
References:
My employer is including my graduate school tuition reimbursements
on my W-2. Where do I claim these education expenses on my Form 1040?
If your graduate school tuition is deductible and the reimbursements are
included in your income as wages, you may take the expense as a miscellaneous
itemized deduction on Form 1040, Schedule A (PDF),
Itemized Deductions, line 20. You may also need to attach Form 2106 (PDF), Employee Business Expenses. For more information, refer
to Publication 508, Tax Benefits for Work-Related Education; Tax Topic 513, Educational Expenses; and Form 2106 (PDF), Employee Business Expense.
References:
Is the exclusion from income of up to $5,250 of employer-provided
educational assistance under a qualified program still available?
Yes. For courses beginning before 2002 it applied only to benefits you
receive for undergraduate courses. Beginning with the year 2002, employer-provided
educational assistance includes graduate level courses. For more information,
refer to Publication 508, Educational Expenses.
References:
I am an employee. What form do I use to claim business expenses
for local transportation?
Generally, you must use Form 2106 (PDF), Employee
Business Expenses, or Form 2106-EZ (PDF), Unreimbursed
Employee Business Expenses, to claim a deduction for employee business
expenses. Your deductible expense is then taken on line 20 of Form 1040, Schedule A (PDF) , as a miscellaneous itemized deduction,
subject to the 2% of adjusted gross income floor. Special rules may apply,
depending on the reimbursement arrangement you have with your employer. For
additional information, refer to Publication 463, Travel, Entertainment,
Gift, and Car Expenses, Tax Topic 514, Employee Business Expenses, and Publication 529, Miscellaneous Deductions.
References:
- Publication 463, Travel, Entertainment, Gift, and Car
Expenses
- Form 1040 (PDF), U.S. Individual
Income Tax Return
- Form 1040, Schedule A (PDF), Itemized
Deductions
- Form 2106 (PDF), Employee Business
Expenses
- Form 2106-EZ (PDF), Unreimbursed
Employee Business Expenses
- Tax Topic 514, Employee Business Expense
- Publication 529, Miscellaneous Deductions
I moved to a different state to accept a new job. Will I be able
to deduct all of my moving expenses?
When moving expenses coincide closely with a job transfer or the start
of a new job, some of those expenses may qualify for deduction as an adjustment
to income on Form 1040 (PDF), U.S. Individual
Income Tax Return. You must have moved far enough, and, generally, closer
to your new job than you were before you moved. You must have started and
kept full-time work for a specific period after the move. Not all moving expenses
are deductible. Deductible expenses are generally limited to one-way transportation,
including lodging, of your household members along the most direct route to
your new residence, and transportation, parking and storage of household goods.
You cannot deduct a reimbursed expense, unless the reimbursement has been
counted in your wages. For more information, refer to Publication 521, Moving
Expenses; Tax Topic 455, Moving Expenses; and the Instructions
for Form 3903 (PDF), Moving Expenses.
References:
11.1 Sale or Trade of Business, Depreciation, Rentals: Depreciation & Recapture
I purchased a computer to support my job-related activities. As
an employee, can I write-off the entire allowed cost or will I have to depreciate
it over a few years?
You can claim a depreciation deduction for a computer that you use in your
work as an employee if its use is:
For the convenience of your employer, and
Required as a condition of your employment.
Use Form 4562 (PDF) , Depreciation and
Amortization , to compute the depreciation. There have been recent changes
to the percentage of depreciation claimed in the first year you place the
property in service.
The cost of a computer purchased for business use can be expensed under
section 179 in the first year if qualified, or depreciated over the recovery
period. To claim the expense in the first year, the property must be used
more than 50% for business use, and meet the other requirements for expensing.
The 2003 Jobs and Growth Act raised the aggregate cost that can be expensed
for any tax year after 2002 and before 2006 to $100,000. The new law also
expanded the definition of Code Section 179 property to include off-the shelf computer software.
See Code Section 179 for the expanded definition.
If you make a choice to depreciate the property you can claim a special
depreciation allowance for qualified property you acquired after September
10, 2001 and before January 1, 2005. The allowance is figured before you calculate
your regular depreciation. See Publication 946 , How to
Depreciate Property for additional information on the special deduction.
You cannot take a section 179 deduction for the item or claim accelerated
depreciation unless your use of the computer is more than 50% business or
job-related use (and you meet the two conditions listed above).
Section 179 deductions and accelerated depreciation methods are explained
in Publication 946, How to Depreciate Property.
References:
12.7 Small Business/Self-Employed/Other Business: Income & Expenses
For business travel, are there limits on the amounts deductible
for meals?
Meal expenses are deductible only if your trip is overnight or long enough
that you need to stop for sleep or rest to properly perform your duties. The
amount of the meal expenses must be substantiated, but instead of keeping
records of the actual cost of your meal expenses you can generally use a standard
meal allowance ranging from $30 to $50 in 2003 depending on where and when
you travel.
Generally, the deduction for unreimbursed business meals is limited to
50% of the cost that would otherwise be deductible.
For more information on business travel expenses and restrictions, refer
to Tax Topic 511 , or Publication 463, Travel, Entertainment,
Gift, and Car Expenses, and Publication 1542, Per Diem Rates .
References:
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