Pub. 502, Medical and Dental Expenses |
2004 Tax Year |
Main Contents
This is archived information that pertains only to the 2004 Tax Year. If you are looking for information for the current tax year, go to the Tax Prep Help Area.
What Are Medical Expenses?
Medical expenses are the costs of diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, and the costs for treatments
affecting any part
or function of the body. They include the costs of equipment, supplies, and diagnostic devices needed for these purposes.
They also include dental
expenses.
Medical care expenses must be primarily to alleviate or prevent a physical or mental defect or illness. They do not include
expenses that are
merely beneficial to general health, such as vitamins or a vacation.
Medical expenses include the premiums you pay for insurance that covers the expenses of medical care, and the amounts you
pay for transportation to
get medical care. Medical expenses also include amounts paid for qualified long-term care services and limited amounts paid
for any qualified
long-term care insurance contract.
What Expenses Can You Include This Year?
You can include only the medical and dental expenses you paid this year, regardless of when the services were provided. (But
see Decedent
under Whose Medical Expenses Can You Include, later, for an exception.) If you pay medical expenses by check, the day you mail or
deliver the check generally is the date of payment. If you use a “pay-by-phone” or “online” account to pay your medical expenses, the date
reported on the statement of the financial institution showing when payment was made is the date of payment. If you use a
credit card, include medical
expenses you charge to your credit card in the year the charge is made, not when you actually pay the amount charged.
If you did not claim a medical or dental expense that would have been deductible in an earlier
year, you can file Form 1040X, Amended U.S. Individual Income Tax Return, for the year in which you overlooked the expense.
Do not claim the expense
on this year's return. Generally, an amended return must be filed within 3 years from the date the original return was filed
or within 2 years from
the time the tax was paid, whichever is later.
You cannot include medical expenses that were paid by an insurance company or other sources. This is true whether the payments
were made directly
to you, to the patient, or to the provider of the medical services.
Separate returns.
If you and your spouse live in a noncommunity property state and file separate returns, each of you can include only
the medical expenses each
actually paid. Any medical expenses paid out of a joint checking account in which you and your spouse have the same interest
are considered to have
been paid equally by each of you, unless you can show otherwise.
Community property states.
If you and your spouse live in a community property state and file separate returns, any medical expenses paid out
of community funds are divided
equally. Each of you should include half the expenses. If medical expenses are paid out of the separate funds of one spouse,
only the spouse who paid
the medical expenses can include them. If you live in a community property state, are married, and file a separate return,
see Publication 555,
Community Property.
How Much of the Expenses Can You Deduct?
You can deduct only the amount of your medical and dental expenses that is more than 7.5% of your adjusted gross income (Form
1040, line 37).
In this publication, the term “7.5% limit” is used to refer to 7.5% of your adjusted gross income. The phrase “subject to the 7.5% limit”
is also used. This phrase means that you must subtract 7.5% (.075) of your adjusted gross income from your medical expenses
to figure your medical
expense deduction.
Example.
Your adjusted gross income is $40,000, 7.5% of which is $3,000. You paid medical expenses of $2,500. You cannot deduct any
of your medical expenses
because they are not more than 7.5% of your adjusted gross income.
Whose Medical Expenses Can You Include?
You can generally include medical expenses you pay for yourself as well as those you pay for someone who was your spouse or
your dependent either
when the services were provided or when you paid for them. There are different rules for decedents and for individuals who
are the subject of multiple
support agreements.
Spouse.
You can include medical expenses you paid for your spouse. To include these expenses, you must have been married either
at the time your spouse
received the medical services or at the time you paid the medical expenses.
Example 1.
Mary received medical treatment before she married Bill. Bill paid for the treatment after they married. Bill can include
these expenses in
figuring his medical expense deduction even if Bill and Mary file separate returns.
If Mary had paid the expenses, Bill could not include Mary's expenses in his separate return. Mary would include the amounts
she paid during the
year in her separate return. If they filed a joint return, the medical expenses both paid during the year would be used to
figure their medical
expense deduction.
Example 2.
This year, John paid medical expenses for his wife Louise, who died last year. John married Belle this year and they file
a joint return. Because
John was married to Louise when she received the medical services, he can include those expenses in figuring his medical deduction
for this year.
Dependent.
You can include medical expenses you paid for your dependent. For you to include these expenses, the person must have
been your dependent either at
the time the medical services were provided or at the time you paid the expenses. A person generally qualifies as your dependent
for purposes of the
medical expense deduction if all three of the following requirements are met.
-
That person lived with you for the entire year as a member of your household or is:
-
Your child, grandchild, great grandchild, etc. (a legally adopted child is considered your child).
-
Your stepchild.
-
Your brother, sister, half brother, half sister, stepbrother, or stepsister.
-
Your parent, grandparent, or other direct ancestor, but not foster parent.
-
Your stepfather or stepmother.
-
A brother or sister of your father or mother.
-
A son or daughter of your brother or sister.
-
Your father-in-law, mother-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law.
-
That person was a U.S. citizen or resident, or a resident of Canada or Mexico for some part of the calendar year in which
your tax year
began.
-
You provided over half of that person's total support for the calendar year.
You can include the medical expenses of any person who is your dependent even if you cannot claim an exemption for
him or her on your return.
Example.
In 2003, your son was your dependent. In 2004, he no longer qualified as your dependent. However, you paid $800 in 2004 for
medical services
provided to your son in 2003, when he was your dependent. You can include the $800 in your medical expenses for 2004. You
cannot include this amount
in your 2003 medical expenses.
Adopted child.
You can include medical expenses that you paid for a child before adoption, if the child qualified as your dependent
when the medical services were
provided or when the expenses were paid.
If you pay back an adoption agency or other persons for medical expenses they paid under an agreement with you, you
are treated as having paid
those expenses provided you clearly substantiate that the payment is directly attributable to the medical care of the child.
But if you pay the agency or other person for medical care that was provided and paid for before adoption negotiations
began, you cannot include
them as medical expenses.
You may be able to take a credit or exclusion for other expenses related to adoption. See Publication 968, Tax Benefits for
Adoption ,
for more information.
Child of divorced or separated parents.
For purposes of the medical and dental expenses deduction, a child of divorced or separated parents can be treated
as a dependent of both parents.
Each parent can include the medical expenses he or she pays for the child, even if the other parent claims the child's dependency
exemption, if:
-
The child is in the custody of one or both parents for more than half the year,
-
The child receives over half of his or her support during the year from his or her parents, and
-
The child's parents:
-
Are divorced or legally separated under a decree of divorce or separate maintenance,
-
Are separated under a written separation agreement, or
-
Live apart at all times during the last 6 months of the year.
This does not apply if the child's exemption is being claimed under a multiple support agreement.
Support claimed under a multiple support agreement.
If you are considered to have provided more than half of a person's support under a multiple support agreement, you
can include medical expenses
you pay for that person, even if you cannot claim an exemption for that person. A multiple support agreement is used when
two or more people provide
more than half of a person's support, but no one alone provides more than half.
For rules regarding what expenses you can include this year, see What Expenses Can You Include This Year, earlier.
Any medical expenses paid by others who joined you in the agreement cannot be included as medical expenses by anyone.
However, you can include the
entire unreimbursed amount you paid for medical expenses.
Example.
You and your three brothers each provide one-fourth of your mother's total support. Under a multiple support agreement, you
treat your mother as
your dependent. You paid all of her medical expenses. Your brothers repaid you for three-fourths of these expenses. In figuring
your medical expense
deduction, you can include only one-fourth of your mother's medical expenses. Your brothers cannot include any part of the
expenses. However, if you
and your brothers share the nonmedical support items and you separately pay all of your mother's medical expenses, you can
include the amount you paid
for her medical expenses in your medical expenses.
Decedent.
Medical expenses paid before death by the decedent are included in figuring any deduction for medical
and dental expenses on the decedent's final income tax return. This includes expenses for the decedent's spouse and dependents
as well as for the
decedent.
The survivor or personal representative of a decedent can choose to treat certain expenses paid by the decedent's
estate for the decedent's medical
care as paid by the decedent at the time the medical services were provided. The expenses must be paid within the one-year
period beginning with the
day after the date of death. If you are the survivor or personal representative making this choice, you must attach a statement
to the decedent's Form
1040 (or the decedent's amended return, Form 1040X) saying that the expenses have not been and will not be claimed on the
estate tax return.
Qualified medical expenses paid before death by the decedent are not deductible if
paid with a tax-free distribution from any Archer MSA or health savings account.
What if the decedent's return had been filed and the medical expenses were not included?
Form 1040X can be filed for the year or years the expenses are treated as paid, unless the period for filing an amended
return for that year has
passed. Generally, an amended return must be filed within 3 years of the date the original return was filed, or within 2 years
from the time the tax
was paid, whichever date is later.
Example.
John properly filed his 2003 income tax return. He died in 2004 with unpaid medical expenses of $1,500 from 2003 and $1,800
in 2004. His survivor
or personal representative can file an amended return for 2003 claiming a deduction based on the $1,500 medical expenses.
The $1,800 of medical
expenses from 2004 can be included on the decedent's final return for 2004.
What if you pay medical expenses of a deceased spouse or dependent?
If you paid medical expenses for your deceased spouse or dependent, include them as medical expenses on your Form
1040 in the year paid, whether
they are paid before or after the decedent's death. The expenses can be included if the person was your spouse or dependent
either at the time the
medical services were provided or at the time you paid the expenses.
What Medical Expenses Are Includible?
Following is a list of items that you can include in figuring your medical expense deduction. The items are listed in alphabetical
order.
You can include in medical expenses the amount you pay for a legal abortion.
You can include in medical expenses the amount you pay for acupuncture.
You can include in medical expenses amounts you pay for an inpatient's treatment at a therapeutic center for alcohol addiction.
This includes meals
and lodging provided by the center during treatment.
You can also include in medical expenses amounts you pay for transportation to and from meetings of an Alcoholics Anonymous
Club in your community
if the attendance is pursuant to medical advice that membership in the Alcoholics Anonymous Club is necessary for the treatment
of a disease involving
the excessive use of alcoholic liquors.
You can include in medical expenses amounts you pay for ambulance service.
You can include in medical expenses the amount you pay for an artificial limb.
You can include in medical expenses the amount you pay for artificial teeth.
You can include in medical expenses the cost of medical supplies such as bandages used to cover torn skin.
Breast Reconstruction Surgery
You can include in medical expenses the amounts you pay for breast reconstruction surgery following a mastectomy for cancer.
You can include in medical expenses the amount you pay for birth control pills prescribed by a doctor.
Braille Books and Magazines
You can include in medical expenses the part of the cost of Braille books and magazines for use by a visually impaired person
that is more than the
cost of regular printed editions.
You can include in medical expenses amounts you pay for special equipment installed in a home, or for improvements, if their
main purpose is
medical care for you, your spouse, or your dependent. The cost of permanent improvements that increase the value of your property
may be partly
included as a medical expense. The cost of the improvement is reduced by the increase in the value of your property. The difference
is a medical
expense. If the value of your property is not increased by the improvement, the entire cost is included as a medical expense.
Certain improvements made to accommodate a home to your disabled condition, or that of your spouse or your dependents who
live with you, do not
usually increase the value of the home and the cost can be included in full as medical expenses. These improvements include,
but are not limited to,
the following items.
-
Constructing entrance or exit ramps for your home.
-
Widening doorways at entrances or exits to your home.
-
Widening or otherwise modifying hallways and interior doorways.
-
Installing railings, support bars, or other modifications to bathrooms.
-
Lowering or modifying kitchen cabinets and equipment.
-
Moving or modifying electrical outlets and fixtures.
-
Installing porch lifts and other forms of lifts (but elevators generally add value to the house).
-
Modifying fire alarms, smoke detectors, and other warning systems.
-
Modifying stairways.
-
Adding handrails or grab bars anywhere (whether or not in bathrooms).
-
Modifying hardware on doors.
-
Modifying areas in front of entrance and exit doorways.
-
Grading the ground to provide access to the residence.
Only reasonable costs to accommodate a home to a disabled condition are considered medical care. Additional costs for personal
motives, such as for
architectural or aesthetic reasons, are not medical expenses.
Capital expense worksheet.
Use Worksheet A to figure the amount of your capital expense to include in your medical expenses.
Worksheet A. Capital Expense Worksheet
Instructions: Use this worksheet to figure the amount, if any, of
your medical expenses due to a home improvement.
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1.
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Enter the amount you paid for the home improvement
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1.
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2.
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Enter the value of your home immediately after the improvement
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2.
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3.
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Enter the value of your home immediately before the improvement
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3.
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4.
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Subtract line 3 from line 2. This is the increase in the value of your home due to the
improvement.
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4.
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• If line 4 is more than or equal to line 1, you have no medical expenses due to the home
improvement; stop here.
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• If line 4 is less than line 1, go to line 5.
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5.
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Subtract line 4 from line 1. These are your medical expenses due to the home improvement
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5.
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Example.
You have a heart ailment. On your doctor's advice, you install an elevator in your home so that you will not have to climb
stairs. The elevator
costs $8,000. An appraisal shows that the elevator increases the value of your home by $4,400. You figure your medical expense
as shown in the
filled-in example of Worksheet A.
Worksheet A. Capital Expense Worksheet—Illustrated
Instructions: Use this worksheet to figure the amount, if any, of
your medical expenses due to a home improvement.
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1.
|
Enter the amount you paid for the home improvement
|
1.
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8,000
|
2.
|
Enter the value of your home immediately after the improvement
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2.
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124,400
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3.
|
Enter the value of your home immediately before the improvement
|
3.
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120,000
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4.
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Subtract line 3 from line 2. This is the increase in the value of your home due to the
improvement.
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4.
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4,400
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• If line 4 is more than or equal to line 1, you have no medical expenses due to the home
improvement; stop here.
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• If line 4 is less than line 1, go to line 5.
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5.
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Subtract line 4 from line 1. These are your medical expenses due to the home improvement
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5.
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3,600
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Operation and upkeep.
Amounts you pay for operation and upkeep of a capital asset qualify as medical expenses, as long as the main reason
for them is medical care. This
rule applies even if none or only part of the original cost of the capital asset qualified as a medical care expense.
Example.
If, in the previous example, the elevator increased the value of your home by $8,000, you would have no medical expense for
the cost of the
elevator. However, the cost of electricity to operate the elevator and any costs to maintain it are medical expenses as long
as the medical reason for
the elevator exists.
Improvements to property rented by a person with a disability.
Amounts paid to buy and install special plumbing fixtures for a person with a disability, mainly for medical reasons,
in a rented house are medical
expenses.
Example.
John has arthritis and a heart condition. He cannot climb stairs or get into a bathtub. On his doctor's advice, he installs
a bathroom with a
shower stall on the first floor of his two-story rented house. The landlord did not pay any of the cost of buying and installing
the special plumbing
and did not lower the rent. John can include in medical expenses the entire amount he paid.
You can include in medical expenses the cost of special hand controls and other special equipment installed in a car for the
use of a person with a
disability.
Special design.
You can include in medical expenses the difference between the cost of a regular car and a car specially designed
to hold a wheelchair.
Cost of operation.
You cannot deduct the cost of operating a specially equipped car, except as discussed under Transportation, later.
You can include in medical expenses fees you pay to a chiropractor for medical care.
Christian Science Practitioner
You can include in medical expenses fees you pay to Christian Science practitioners for medical care.
You can include in medical expenses amounts you pay for contact lenses needed for medical reasons. You can also include the
cost of equipment and
materials required for using contact lenses, such as saline solution and enzyme cleaner. See Eyeglasses and Eye Surgery, later.
You can include in medical expenses the amount you pay to buy or rent crutches.
You can include in medical expenses the amounts you pay for dental treatment. This includes fees paid to dentists for X-rays,
fillings, braces,
extractions, dentures, etc. But see Teeth Whitening under What Expenses Are Not Includible, later.
You can include in medical expenses the cost of devices used in diagnosing and treating illness and disease.
Example.
You have diabetes and use a blood sugar test kit to monitor your blood sugar level. You can include the cost of the blood
sugar test kit in your
medical expenses.
Disabled Dependent Care Expenses
Some disabled dependent care expenses may qualify as either:
You can choose to apply them either way as long as you do not use the same expenses to claim both a credit and a medical
expense deduction.
You can include in medical expenses amounts you pay for an inpatient's treatment at a therapeutic center for drug addiction.
This includes meals
and lodging at the center during treatment.
You can include in medical expenses amounts you pay for eyeglasses and contact lenses needed for medical reasons. You can
also include fees paid
for eye examinations.
You can include in medical expenses the amount you pay for eye surgery to treat defective vision, such as laser
eye surgery or radial keratotomy.
You can include in medical expenses the cost of the following procedures to overcome an inability to have children.
-
Procedures such as in vitro fertilization (including temporary storage of eggs or sperm).
-
Surgery, including an operation to reverse prior surgery that prevented the person operated on from having children.
See Lifetime Care—Advance Payments, later.
Guide Dog or Other Animal
You can include in medical expenses the cost of a guide dog or other animal to be used by a visually impaired or hearing-impaired
person. You can
also include the cost of a dog or other animal trained to assist persons with other physical disabilities. Amounts you pay
for the care of these
specially trained animals are also medical expenses.
You can include in medical expenses fees you pay for treatment at a health institute only if the treatment is prescribed by
a physician and the
physician issues a statement that the treatment is necessary to alleviate a physical or mental defect or illness of the individual
receiving the
treatment.
Health Maintenance Organization (HMO)
You can include in medical expenses amounts you pay to entitle you, or your spouse or a dependent to receive medical care
from a health maintenance
organization. These amounts are treated as medical insurance premiums. See Insurance Premiums, later.
You can include in medical expenses the cost of a hearing aid and the batteries you buy to operate it.
See Nursing Services, later.
See Capital Expenses, earlier.
You can include in medical expenses amounts you pay for the cost of inpatient care at a hospital or similar institution if
a principal reason for
being there is to receive medical care. This includes amounts paid for meals and lodging. Also see Lodging, later.
You can include in medical expenses insurance premiums you pay for policies that cover medical care. Policies can provide
payment for:
-
Hospitalization, surgical fees, X-rays, etc.,
-
Prescription drugs,
-
Replacement of lost or damaged contact lenses,
-
Membership in an association that gives cooperative or so-called “free-choice” medical service, or group hospitalization and clinical
care, or
-
Qualified long-term care insurance contracts (subject to additional limitations). See Qualified Long-Term Care Insurance
Contracts under Long-Term Care, later.
If you have a policy that provides more than one kind of payment, you can include the premiums for the medical care part of
the policy if the
charge for the medical part is reasonable. The cost of the medical part must be separately stated in the insurance contract
or given to you in a
separate statement.
Note.
When figuring the amount of insurance premiums you can deduct on Schedule A, do not include any health coverage tax credit
advance payments shown
on Form 1099-H, box 1. Also, if you are claiming the health coverage tax credit, subtract the amount shown on Form 8885, line
4 (reduced by any
advance payments shown on line 6 of that form), from the total insurance premiums you paid.
Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance Plan
Do not include in your medical and dental expenses on Schedule A (Form 1040) any insurance premiums paid by an employer-sponsored
health insurance
plan unless the premiums are included on your Form W-2, box 1. Also, do not include on Schedule A (Form 1040) any other medical
and dental expenses
paid by the plan unless the amount paid is included on your Form W-2, box 1.
Example.
You are a federal employee participating in the Federal Employee Health Benefits (FEHB) program. Your share of the FEHB premium
is paid with
pre-tax dollars. Because you are an employee whose insurance premiums are paid with money that is never included in your gross
income, you cannot
deduct the premiums paid with that money.
Long-term care services.
Contributions made by your employer to provide coverage for qualified long-term care services under a flexible spending
or similar arrangement must
be included in your income. This amount will be reported as wages on your Form W-2, box 1.
Health reimbursement arrangement (HRA).
If you have medical expenses that are reimbursed by a health reimbursement arrangement, you cannot include those expenses
in your medical expenses.
This is because an HRA is funded solely by the employer.
If you are covered under social security (or if you are a government employee who paid Medicare tax), you are enrolled in
Medicare A. The payroll
tax paid for Medicare A is not a medical expense. If you are not covered under social security (or were not a government employee
who paid Medicare
tax), you can voluntarily enroll in Medicare A. In this situation you can include the premiums you paid for Medicare A as
a medical expense.
Medicare B is a supplemental medical insurance. Premiums you pay for Medicare B are a medical expense. If you applied for
it at age 65 or after you
became disabled, you can include in medical expenses the monthly premiums you paid. If you were over age 65 or disabled when
you first enrolled, check
the information you received from the Social Security Administration to find out your premium.
Prepaid Insurance Premiums
Premiums you pay before you are age 65 for insurance for medical care for yourself, your spouse, or your dependents after
you reach age 65 are
medical care expenses in the year paid if they are:
-
Payable in equal yearly installments or more often, and
-
Payable for at least 10 years, or until you reach age 65 (but not for less than 5 years).
Unused Sick Leave Used to Pay Premiums
You must include in gross income cash payments you receive at the time of retirement for unused sick leave. You also must
include in gross income
the value of unused sick leave that, at your option, your employer applies to the cost of your continuing participation in
your employer's health plan
after you retire. You can include this cost of continuing participation in the health plan as a medical expense.
If you participate in a health plan where your employer automatically applies the value of unused sick leave to the cost of
your continuing
participation in the health plan (and you do not have the option to receive cash), do not include the value of the unused
sick leave in gross income.
You cannot include this cost of continuing participation in that health plan as a medical expense.
Insurance Premiums You Cannot Include
You cannot include premiums you pay for:
-
Life insurance policies,
-
Policies providing payment for loss of earnings,
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Policies for loss of life, limb, sight, etc.,
-
Policies that pay you a guaranteed amount each week for a stated number of weeks if you are hospitalized for sickness or injury,
or
-
The part of your car insurance premiums that provides medical insurance coverage for all persons injured in or by your car
because the part
of the premium for you, your spouse, and your dependents is not stated separately from the part of the premium for medical
care for others.
You can include in medical expenses the amounts you pay for laboratory fees that are part of medical care.
You can include in medical expenses the cost of removing lead-based paints from surfaces in your home to prevent a child who
has or has had lead
poisoning from eating the paint. These surfaces must be in poor repair (peeling or cracking) or within the child's reach.
The cost of repainting the
scraped area is not a medical expense.
If, instead of removing the paint, you cover the area with wallboard or paneling, treat these items as capital expenses. See
Capital
Expenses, earlier. Do not include the cost of painting the wallboard as a medical expense.
See Special Education, later.
You can include in medical expenses legal fees you paid that are necessary to authorize treatment for mental illness. However,
you cannot include
in medical expenses fees for the management of a guardianship estate, fees for conducting the affairs of the person being
treated, or other fees that
are not necessary for medical care.
Lifetime Care—Advance Payments
You can include in medical expenses a part of a life-care fee or “founder's fee” you pay either monthly or as a lump sum under an agreement
with a retirement home. The part of the payment you include is the amount properly allocable to medical care. The agreement
must require that you pay
a specific fee as a condition for the home's promise to provide lifetime care that includes medical care. You can use a statement
from the retirement
home to prove the amount properly allocable to medical care. The statement must be based either on the home's prior experience
or on information from
a comparable home.
Dependents with disabilities.
You can include in medical expenses advance payments to a private institution for lifetime care, treatment, and training
of your physically or
mentally impaired child upon your death or when you become unable to provide care. The payments must be a condition for the
institution's future
acceptance of your child and must not be refundable.
Payments for future medical care.
Generally, you cannot include in medical expenses current payments for medical care (including medical insurance)
to be provided substantially
beyond the end of the year. This rule does not apply in situations where the future care is purchased in connection with obtaining
lifetime care of
the type described earlier.
You can include in medical expenses the cost of meals and lodging at a hospital or similar institution if a principal reason
for being there is to
receive medical care. See Nursing Home, later.
You may be able to include in medical expenses the cost of lodging not provided in a hospital or similar institution. You
can include the cost of
such lodging while away from home if all of the following requirements are met.
-
The lodging is primarily for and essential to medical care.
-
The medical care is provided by a doctor in a licensed hospital or in a medical care facility related to, or the equivalent
of, a licensed
hospital.
-
The lodging is not lavish or extravagant under the circumstances.
-
There is no significant element of personal pleasure, recreation, or vacation in the travel away from home.
The amount you include in medical expenses for lodging cannot be more than $50 for each night for each person. You can include
lodging for a person
traveling with the person receiving the medical care. For example, if a parent is traveling with a sick child, up to $100
per night can be included as
a medical expense for lodging. Meals are not included.
Do not include the cost of lodging while away from home for medical treatment if that treatment is not received from a doctor
in a licensed
hospital or in a medical care facility related to, or the equivalent of, a licensed hospital or if that lodging is not primarily
for or essential to
the medical care received.
You can include in medical expenses amounts paid for qualified long-term care services and premiums paid for qualified long-term
care insurance
contracts.
Qualified Long-Term Care Services
Qualified long-term care services are necessary diagnostic, preventive, therapeutic, curing, treating, mitigating, rehabilitative
services, and
maintenance and personal care services (defined later) that are:
-
Required by a chronically ill individual, and
-
Provided pursuant to a plan of care prescribed by a licensed health care practitioner.
Chronically ill individual.
An individual is chronically ill if, within the previous 12 months, a licensed health care practitioner has certified
that the individual meets
either of the following descriptions.
-
He or she is unable to perform at least two activities of daily living without substantial assistance from another individual
for at least
90 days, due to a loss of functional capacity. Activities of daily living are eating, toileting, transferring, bathing, dressing,
and
continence.
-
He or she requires substantial supervision to be protected from threats to health and safety due to severe cognitive impairment.
Maintenance and personal care services.
Maintenance or personal care services is care which has as its primary purpose the
providing of a chronically ill individual with needed assistance with his or her disabilities (including protection from threats
to health and safety
due to severe cognitive impairment).
Qualified Long-Term Care Insurance Contracts
A qualified long-term care insurance contract is an insurance contract that provides only coverage of qualified long-term
care services. The
contract must:
-
Be guaranteed renewable,
-
Not provide for a cash surrender value or other money that can be paid, assigned, pledged, or borrowed,
-
Provide that refunds, other than refunds on the death of the insured or complete surrender or cancellation of the contract,
and dividends
under the contract must be used only to reduce future premiums or increase future benefits, and
-
Generally not pay or reimburse expenses incurred for services or items that would be reimbursed under Medicare, except where
Medicare is a
secondary payer, or the contract makes per diem or other periodic payments without regard to expenses.
The amount of qualified long-term care premiums you can include is limited. You can include the following as medical expenses
on Schedule A (Form
1040).
-
Qualified long-term care premiums up to the amounts shown below.
-
Age 40 or under – $260.
-
Age 41 to 50 – $490.
-
Age 51 to 60 – $980.
-
Age 61 to 70 – $2,600.
-
Age 71 or over – $3,250.
-
Unreimbursed expenses for qualified long-term care services.
Note. The limit on premiums is for each person.
You can include in medical expenses the cost of meals at a hospital or similar institution if a principal reason for being
there is to get medical
care.
You cannot include in medical expenses the cost of meals that are not part of inpatient care.
You can include in medical expenses amounts paid for admission and transportation to a medical conference if the medical conference
concerns the
chronic illness of yourself, your spouse, or your dependent. The costs of the medical conference must be primarily for and
necessary to the medical
care of you, your spouse, or your dependent. The majority of the time spent at the conference must be spent attending sessions
on medical information.
The cost of meals and lodging while attending the conference is not deductible as a medical expense.
You can include in medical expenses amounts paid to a plan that keeps medical
information in a computer data bank and retrieves and furnishes the information upon request to an attending physician.
You can include in medical expenses amounts you pay for legal medical services provided by:
You can include in medical expenses amounts you pay for prescribed medicines and drugs. A prescribed drug is one that requires
a prescription by a
doctor for its use by an individual. You can also include amounts you pay for insulin. Except for insulin, you cannot include
in medical expenses
amounts you pay for a drug that is not prescribed.
Note.
This rule applies only to the deduction for medical expenses. It does not limit reimbursements of medical expenses by employer-sponsored
health
plans that reimburse the cost of both prescription and nonprescription medicines.
Imported medicines and drugs.
If you imported medicines or drugs from other countries, see Medicines and Drugs From Other Countries, under What Expenses Are Not
Includible, later.
Mentally Retarded, Special Home for
You can include in medical expenses the cost of keeping a mentally retarded person in a special home, not the home of a relative,
on the
recommendation of a psychiatrist to help the person adjust from life in a mental hospital to community living.
You can include in medical expenses the cost of medical care in a nursing home, home for the aged, or similar institution,
for yourself, your
spouse, or your dependents. This includes the cost of meals and lodging in the home if a principal reason for being there
is to get medical care.
Do not include the cost of meals and lodging if the reason for being in the home is personal. You can, however, include in
medical expenses the
part of the cost that is for medical or nursing care.
You can include in medical expenses wages and other amounts you pay for nursing services. The services need not be performed
by a nurse as long as
the services are of a kind generally performed by a nurse. This includes services connected with caring for the patient's
condition, such as giving
medication or changing dressings, as well as bathing and grooming the patient. These services can be provided in your home
or another care facility.
Generally, only the amount spent for nursing services is a medical expense. If the attendant also provides personal and household
services, amounts
paid to the attendant must be divided between the time spent performing household and personal services and the time spent
for nursing services.
However, certain maintenance or personal care services provided for qualified long-term care can be included in medical expenses.
See Maintenance
and personal care services under Qualified Long-Term Care Services, earlier. Additionally, certain expenses for household services or
for the care of a qualifying individual incurred to allow you to work may qualify for the child and dependent care credit.
See Publication 503, Child
and Dependent Care Expenses.
You can also include in medical expenses part of the amount you pay for that attendant's meals. Divide the food expense among
the household members
to find the cost of the attendant's food. Then divide that cost in the same manner as in the preceding paragraph. If you had
to pay additional amounts
for household upkeep because of the attendant, you can include the extra amounts with your medical expenses. This includes
extra rent or utilities you
pay because you moved to a larger apartment to provide space for the attendant.
Employment taxes.
You can include as a medical expense social security tax, FUTA, Medicare tax, and state employment taxes you pay for
a nurse, attendant, or other
person who provides medical care. If the attendant also provides personal and household services, you can include as a medical
expense only the amount
of employment taxes paid for medical services as explained earlier under Nursing Services. For information on employment tax
responsibilities of household employers, see Publication 926, Household Employer's Tax Guide.
You can include in medical expenses amounts you pay for legal operations that are not for unnecessary cosmetic surgery. See
Cosmetic
Surgery under What Expenses Are Not Includible, later.
You can include in medical expenses amounts you pay to an osteopath for medical care.
You can include in medical expenses amounts you pay for oxygen and oxygen equipment to relieve breathing problems caused by
a medical condition.
See Artificial Limb, earlier.
You can include in medical expenses amounts you pay for psychiatric care. This includes the cost of supporting a mentally
ill dependent at a
specially equipped medical center where the dependent receives medical care. See Psychoanalysis, next, and Transportation,
later.
You can include in medical expenses payments for psychoanalysis. However, you cannot include payments for psychoanalysis that
is part of required
training to be a psychoanalyst.
You can include in medical expenses amounts you pay to a psychologist for medical care.
You can include in medical expenses fees you pay on a doctor's recommendation for a child's tutoring by a teacher who is specially
trained and
qualified to work with children who have learning disabilities caused by mental or physical impairments, including nervous
system disorders.
You can include in medical expenses the cost (tuition, meals, and lodging) of attending a school that furnishes special education
to help a child
to overcome learning disabilities. A doctor must recommend that the child attend the school. Overcoming the learning disabilities
must be a principal
reason for attending the school, and any ordinary education received must be incidental to the special education provided.
Special education includes:
-
Teaching Braille to a visually impaired person,
-
Teaching lip reading to a hearing impaired person, or
-
Giving remedial language training to correct a condition caused by a birth defect.
You cannot include in medical expenses the cost of sending a problem child to a school where the course of study and the disciplinary
methods have
a beneficial effect on the child's attitude if the availability of medical care in the school is not a principal reason for
sending the student there.
You can include in medical expenses the cost of a legal sterilization (a legally performed operation to make a person unable
to have children).
You can include in medical expenses amounts you pay for a program to stop smoking. However, you cannot include in medical
expenses amounts you pay
for drugs that do not require a prescription, such as nicotine gum or patches, that are designed to help stop smoking.
You can include in medical expenses the cost of special telephone equipment that lets a hearing-impaired person communicate
over a regular
telephone. You can also include the cost of repairing the equipment.
You can include in medical expenses the cost of equipment that displays the audio part of television programs as subtitles
for hearing-impaired
persons. This may be the cost of an adapter that attaches to a regular set. It also may be the part of the cost of a specially
equipped television
that exceeds the cost of the same model regular television set.
You can include in medical expenses amounts you pay for therapy received as medical treatment.
“Patterning” exercises.
You can include in medical expenses amounts you pay to an individual for giving “ patterning” exercises to a mentally retarded child. These
exercises consist mainly of coordinated physical manipulation of the child's arms and legs to imitate crawling and other normal
movements.
You can include any expenses you pay for medical care you receive because you are a donor or a possible donor of a kidney
or other organ. This
includes transportation.
You can include any expenses you pay for the medical care of a donor in connection with the donating of an organ. This includes
transportation.
You can include in medical expenses amounts paid for transportation primarily for, and essential to, medical care.
You can include:
-
Bus, taxi, train, or plane fares or ambulance service,
-
Transportation expenses of a parent who must go with a child who needs medical care,
-
Transportation expenses of a nurse or other person who can give injections, medications, or other treatment required by a
patient who is
traveling to get medical care and is unable to travel alone, and
-
Transportation expenses for regular visits to see a mentally ill dependent, if these visits are recommended as a part of treatment.
Car expenses.
You can include out-of-pocket expenses, such as the cost of gas and oil, when you use a car for medical reasons. You
cannot include depreciation,
insurance, general repair, or maintenance expenses.
If you do not want to use your actual expenses, for 2004 you can use a standard rate of 14 cents a mile for use of
a car for medical reasons.
You can also include parking fees and tolls. You can add these fees and tolls to your medical
expenses whether you use actual expenses or use the standard mileage rate.
Example.
Bill Jones drove 2,800 miles for medical reasons during the year. He spent $200 for gas, $5 for oil, and $50 for tolls and
parking. He wants to
figure the amount he can include in medical expenses both ways to see which gives him the greater deduction.
He figures the actual expenses first. He adds the $200 for gas, the $5 for oil, and the $50 for tolls and parking for a total
of $255.
He then figures the standard mileage amount. He multiplies the 2,800 miles by 14 cents a mile for a total of $392. He then
adds the $50 tolls and
parking for a total of $442.
Bill includes the $442 of car expenses with his other medical expenses for the year because the $442 is more than the $255
he figured using actual
expenses.
Transportation expenses you cannot include.
You cannot include in medical expenses the cost of transportation in the following situations.
-
Going to and from work, even if your condition requires an unusual means of transportation.
-
Travel for purely personal reasons to another city for an operation or other medical care.
-
Travel that is merely for the general improvement of one's health.
You can include in medical expenses amounts you pay for transportation to another city if the trip is primarily for, and essential
to, receiving
medical services. You may be able to include up to $50 per night for lodging. See Lodging, earlier.
You cannot include in medical expenses a trip or vacation taken merely for a change in environment, improvement of morale,
or general improvement
of health, even if the trip is made on the advice of a doctor. However, see Medical Conferences, earlier.
Under special circumstances, you can include charges for tuition in medical expenses. See Special Education, earlier.
You can include charges for a health plan included in a lump-sum tuition fee if the charges are separately stated or can easily
be obtained from
the school.
You can include in medical expenses the amount you pay for a vasectomy.
Vision Correction Surgery
See Eye Surgery, earlier.
You can include in medical expenses amounts you pay to lose weight if it is a treatment for a specific disease diagnosed by
a physician (such as
obesity, hypertension, or heart disease). This includes fees you pay for membership in a weight reduction group and attendance
at periodic meetings.
You cannot include membership dues in a gym, health club, or spa as medical expenses, but you can include separate fees charged
there for weight loss
activities.
You cannot include the cost of diet food or beverages in medical expenses because the diet food and beverages substitute for
what is normally
consumed to satisfy nutritional needs. You can include the cost of special food in medical expenses only if:
-
The food does not satisfy normal nutritional needs,
-
The food alleviates or treats an illness, and
-
The need for the food is substantiated by a physician.
The amount you can include in medical expenses is limited to the amount by which the cost of the special food exceeds the
cost of a normal
diet. See also Weight-Loss Program under What Expenses Are Not Includible, later.
You can include in medical expenses amounts you pay for an autoette or a wheelchair used mainly for the relief of sickness
or disability, and not
just to provide transportation to and from work. The cost of operating and keeping up the autoette or wheelchair is also a
medical expense.
You can include in medical expenses the cost of a wig purchased upon the advice of a physician for the mental health of a
patient who has lost all
of his or her hair from disease.
You can include in medical expenses amounts you pay for X-rays for medical reasons.
What Expenses Are Not Includible?
Following is a list of some items that you cannot include in figuring your medical expense deduction. The items are listed
in alphabetical order.
Baby Sitting, Childcare, and Nursing Services for a Normal, Healthy Baby
You cannot include in medical expenses amounts you pay for the care of children, even if the expenses enable you, your spouse,
or your dependent to
get medical or dental treatment. Also, any expense allowed as a childcare credit cannot be treated as an expense paid for
medical care.
You cannot include in medical expenses amounts you pay for controlled substances (such as marijuana, laetrile, etc.), in violation
of federal law.
Generally, you cannot include in medical expenses the amount you pay for unnecessary cosmetic surgery. This includes any procedure
that is directed
at improving the patient's appearance and does not meaningfully promote the proper function of the body or prevent or treat
illness or disease. You
generally cannot include in medical expenses the amount you pay for procedures such as face lifts, hair transplants, hair
removal (electrolysis),
teeth whitening, and liposuction.
You can include in medical expenses the amount you pay for cosmetic surgery if it is necessary to improve a deformity arising
from, or directly
related to, a congenital abnormality, a personal injury resulting from an accident or trauma, or a disfiguring disease.
Example.
An individual undergoes surgery that removes a breast as part of treatment for cancer. She pays a surgeon to reconstruct the
breast. The surgery to
reconstruct the breast corrects a deformity directly related to the disease. The cost of the surgery is includible in her
medical expenses.
You cannot include the cost of dancing lessons, swimming lessons, etc., even if they are recommended by a doctor, if they
are only for the
improvement of general health.
You cannot include in medical expenses the amount you pay for diapers or diaper services, unless they are needed to relieve
the effects of a
particular disease.
Electrolysis or Hair Removal
See Cosmetic Surgery, earlier.
Flexible Spending Account
You cannot include in medical expenses amounts for which you are fully reimbursed by your flexible spending account if you
contribute a part of
your income on a pre-tax basis to pay for the qualified benefit.
You cannot include in medical expenses amounts you pay for funerals. However, funeral expenses may be deductible on the decedent's
federal estate
tax return.
Generally, you cannot include in medical expenses current payments for medical care (including medical insurance) to be provided
substantially
beyond the end of the year. This rule does not apply in situations where the future care is purchased in connection with obtaining
lifetime care of
the type described under Long-Term Care, earlier.
See Cosmetic Surgery, earlier.
You cannot include in medical expenses health club dues, or amounts paid to improve one's general health or to relieve physical
or mental
discomfort not related to a particular medical condition.
You cannot include in medical expenses the cost of membership in any club organized for business, pleasure, recreation, or
other social purpose.
Health Coverage Tax Credit
You cannot include in medical expenses amounts you pay for health insurance that you use in figuring your health coverage
tax credit. For more
information, see Health Coverage Tax Credit, later.
You cannot include in medical expenses any payment or distribution for medical expenses out of a health savings account.
You cannot include in medical expenses the cost of household help, even if such help is recommended by a doctor. This is a
personal expense that is
not deductible. However, you may be able to include certain expenses paid to a person providing nursing-type services. For
more information, see
Nursing Services, earlier. Also, certain maintenance or personal care services provided for qualified long-term care can be included in
medical expenses. For more information, see Qualified Long-Term Care Services, earlier.
Illegal Operations and Treatments
You cannot include in medical expenses amounts you pay for illegal operations, treatments, or controlled substances whether
rendered or prescribed
by licensed or unlicensed practitioners.
See Insurance Premiums under What Medical Expenses Are Includible, earlier.
You cannot include in medical expenses amounts you pay for maternity clothes.
Medical Savings Account (MSA)
You cannot include in medical expenses amounts you contribute to an Archer MSA. You cannot include medical expenses you pay
for with a tax-free
distribution from your Archer MSA. You also cannot use other funds equal to the amount of the distribution and include the
expenses. For more
information on Archer MSAs, see Publication 969, Health Savings Accounts and Other Tax-Favored Health Plans.
Medicines and Drugs From Other Countries
In general, you cannot include in your medical expenses the cost of a prescribed drug brought in (or ordered shipped) from
another country, because
you can only include the cost of a drug that was imported legally. (You can include the cost of a prescribed drug the Food
and Drug Administration
announces can be legally imported by individuals.) However, you can include the cost of a prescribed drug you purchase and
consume in another country
if the drug is legal in both the other country and the United States.
Nonprescription Drugs and Medicines
Except for insulin, you cannot include in medical expenses amounts you pay for a drug that is not prescribed.
Example.
You doctor recommends that you take aspirin. Because aspirin is a drug that does not require a physician's prescription,
you cannot include its cost in your medical expenses. But, see Note under Medicines, earlier.
You cannot include in medical expenses the cost of nutritional supplements, vitamins, herbal supplements, “natural medicines,” etc. unless
they are recommended by a medical practitioner as treatment for a specific medical condition diagnosed by a physician. Otherwise,
these items are
taken to maintain your ordinary good health, and are not for medical care.
You cannot include in medical expenses the cost of an item ordinarily used for personal, living, or family purposes unless
it is used primarily to
prevent or alleviate a physical or mental defect or illness. For example, the cost of a toothbrush and toothpaste is a nondeductible
personal expense.
Where an item purchased in a special form primarily to alleviate a physical defect is one that in normal form is ordinarily
used for personal,
living, or family purposes, the excess of the cost of the special form over the cost of the normal form is a medical expense
(see Braille Books
and Magazines under What Medical Expenses Are Includible, earlier).
See Dancing Lessons, earlier.
You cannot include in medical expenses amounts paid to whiten teeth that are discolored as a result of age. See Cosmetic Surgery,
earlier.
Except for the care of guide dogs for the seeing-impaired or hearing-impaired, or for other animals specially trained to assist
persons with
physical disabilities, you cannot include veterinary fees in your medical expenses.
You cannot include in medical expenses the cost of a weight-loss program if the purpose of the
weight loss is the improvement of appearance, general health, or sense of well-being. You cannot include amounts you pay to
lose weight unless the
weight loss is a treatment for a specific disease diagnosed by a physician (such as obesity, hypertension, or heart disease).
This includes fees you
pay for membership in a weight reduction group and attendance at periodic meetings. Also, you cannot include membership dues
in a gym, health club, or
spa.
You cannot include the cost of diet food or beverages in medical expenses because the diet food and beverages substitute for
what is normally
consumed to satisfy nutritional needs. You cannot include the cost of special food in medical expenses unless all three of
the following requirements
are met.
-
The food does not satisfy normal nutritional needs.
-
The food alleviates or treats an illness.
-
The need for the food is substantiated by a physician.
The amount you can include in medical expenses is limited to the amount by which the cost of the special food exceeds the
cost of a normal
diet.
How Do You Treat Reimbursements?
You can include in medical expenses only those amounts paid during the tax year for which you received no insurance or other
reimbursement.
You must reduce your total medical expenses for the year by all reimbursements for medical expenses that you receive from
insurance or other
sources during the year. This includes payments from Medicare.
Even if a policy provides reimbursement only for certain specific medical expenses, you must use amounts you receive from
that policy to reduce
your total medical expenses, including those it does not provide reimbursement for.
Example.
You have insurance policies which cover your hospital and doctors' bills but not your nursing bills. The insurance you receive
for the hospital and
doctors' bills is more than their charges. In figuring your medical deduction, you must reduce the total amount you spent
for medical care by the
total amount of insurance you received even if the policies do not cover some of your medical expenses.
Health reimbursement arrangement (HRA).
A health reimbursement arrangement is an employer-funded plan that reimburses employees for medical care expenses
and allows unused amounts to be
carried forward. An HRA is funded solely by the employer and the reimbursements for medical expenses, up to a maximum dollar
amount for a coverage
period, are not included in your income.
Other reimbursements.
Generally, you do not reduce medical expenses by payments you receive for:
-
Permanent loss or loss of use of a member or function of the body (loss of limb, sight, hearing, etc.) or disfigurement to
the extent the
payment is based on the nature of the injury without regard to the amount of time lost from work, or
-
Loss of earnings.
You must, however, reduce your medical expenses by any part of these payments that is designated for medical costs.
See How Do You Figure and
Report the Deduction on Your Tax Return, later.
For how to treat damages received for personal injury or sickness, see Damages For Personal Injuries, later.
What If Your Insurance Reimbursement Is More Than Your Medical Expenses?
If you are reimbursed more than your medical expenses, you may have to include the excess in income. You may want to use Figure
1 to help you
decide if any of your reimbursement is taxable.
Premiums paid by you.
If you pay the entire premium for your medical insurance or all the costs of a plan similar to medical insurance,
and your insurance payments or
other reimbursements are more than your total medical expenses for the year, you have excess reimbursement. Generally, you
do not include the excess
reimbursement in your gross income. However, gross income does include total payments in excess of $230 a day ($84,180 for
2004) for qualified
long-term care services.
Premiums paid by you and your employer.
If both you and your employer contribute to your medical insurance plan and your employer's contributions are not
included in your gross income,
you must include in your gross income the part of your excess reimbursement that is from your employer's contribution.
You can figure the amount of the excess reimbursement you must include in gross income using Worksheet B.
Worksheet B. Excess Reimbursement Includible in Income When You Have Only One Policy
Instructions: Use this worksheet to figure the amount of excess reimbursement
you must include in income when both you and your employer contributed to your medical insurance and your employer's contributions
are not included in
your gross income.
|
1.
|
Enter the amount contributed to your medical insurance for the year by your employer
|
1.
|
|
2.
|
Enter the total annual cost of the policy
|
2.
|
|
3.
|
Divide line 1 by line 2
|
3.
|
|
4.
|
Enter the amount of excess reimbursement
|
4.
|
|
5.
|
Multiply line 3 by line 4. This is the amount of the excess reimburse-
ment you must include as other income on Form 1040, line 21
|
5.
|
|
Worksheet B. Excess Reimbursement Includible in Income When You Have Only One Policy
Instructions: Use this worksheet to figure the amount of excess reimbursement
you must include in income when both you and your employer contributed to your medical insurance and your employer's contributions
are not included in
your gross income.
|
1.
|
Enter the amount contributed to your medical insurance for the year by your employer
|
1.
|
|
2.
|
Enter the total annual cost of the policy
|
2.
|
|
3.
|
Divide line 1 by line 2
|
3.
|
|
4.
|
Enter the amount of excess reimbursement
|
4.
|
|
5.
|
Multiply line 3 by line 4. This is the amount of the excess reimburse-
ment you must include as other income on Form 1040, line 21
|
5.
|
|
Example.
You are covered by your employer's medical insurance policy. The annual premium is $2,000. Your employer pays $600 of that
amount, which is not
included in your gross income, and the balance of $1,400 is taken out of your wages. You receive $500 excess reimbursement
for your medical expenses.
The part of the excess reimbursement you receive under the policy that is from your employer's contributions is figured as
follows.
Worksheet B. Excess Reimbursement Includible in Income When You Have Only One Policy—Illustrated
Instructions: Use this worksheet to figure the amount of excess reimbursement you must
include in income when both you and your employer contributed to your medical insurance and your employer's contributions
are not included in your
gross income.
|
1.
|
Enter the amount contributed to your medical insurance for the year by your employer
|
1.
|
600
|
2.
|
Enter the total annual cost of the policy
|
2.
|
2,000
|
3.
|
Divide line 1 by line 2
|
3.
|
.30
|
4.
|
Enter the amount of excess reimbursement
|
4.
|
500
|
5.
|
Multiply line 3 by line 4. This is the amount of the excess reimburse- ment you must include as other income on Form 1040,
line 21
|
5.
|
150
|
Worksheet B. Excess Reimbursement Includible in Income When You Have Only One Policy—Illustrated
Instructions: Use this worksheet to figure the amount of excess reimbursement you must
include in income when both you and your employer contributed to your medical insurance and your employer's contributions
are not included in your
gross income.
|
1.
|
Enter the amount contributed to your medical insurance for the year by your employer
|
1.
|
600
|
2.
|
Enter the total annual cost of the policy
|
2.
|
2,000
|
3.
|
Divide line 1 by line 2
|
3.
|
.30
|
4.
|
Enter the amount of excess reimbursement
|
4.
|
500
|
5.
|
Multiply line 3 by line 4. This is the amount of the excess reimburse- ment you must include as other income on Form 1040,
line 21
|
5.
|
150
|
You must include in your gross income 30% (.30) of $500, or $150, of the excess reimbursement you received for medical
expenses under the policy.
Premiums paid by your employer.
If your employer or your former employer pays the total cost of your medical insurance plan and your employer's contributions
are not included in
your income, you must report all of your excess reimbursement as other income.
More than one policy.
If you are covered under more than one policy, the cost of at least one of which is paid by both you and your employer,
you must first divide the
medical expenses among the policies to figure the excess reimbursement from each policy. Then divide the policy costs to figure
the part of any excess
reimbursement that is from your employer's contribution. Any excess reimbursement that is due to your employer's contributions
is includible in your
income.
You can figure the part of the excess reimbursement that is from your employer's contribution by using Worksheet C.
Use Worksheet C only if both
you and your employer paid part of the cost of at least one policy. If you had more than one policy, but you did not share
in the cost of at least one
policy, do not use Worksheet C.
Worksheet C. Excess Reimbursement Includible in Income When You Have More Than One Policy
One Policy">
Instructions: Use this worksheet to figure the amount of
excess reimbursement you must include as income on your tax return when a) you are reimbursed under two or more health insurance
policies, b) at least
one of which is paid for by both you and your employer, and c) your employer's contributions are not included in your gross
income. If you and your
employer did not share in the cost of at least one policy, do not use this worksheet.
|
1.
|
Enter the reimbursement from your employer's policy
|
1.
|
|
2.
|
Enter the reimbursement from your own policy
|
2.
|
|
3.
|
Add lines 1 and 2
|
3.
|
|
4.
|
Divide line 1 by line 3.
|
4.
|
|
5. |
Enter the total medical expenses you paid during the year. If this amount is at least as much as the
amount on line 3, stop here because there is no excess reimbursement.
|
5.
|
|
6.
|
Multiply line 4 by line 5
|
6.
|
|
7.
|
Subtract line 6 from line 1
|
7.
|
|
8. |
Enter employer's contribution to the annual cost of the employer's policy
|
8.
|
|
9.
|
Enter total annual cost of the employer's policy
|
9.
|
|
10.
|
Divide line 8 by line 9. This is the percentage of your total excess reimbursement you must report as
other income
|
10.
|
|
11.
|
Multiply line 7 by line 10. This is the amount of your total excess
reimbursement you must report as other income on Form 1040, line 21
|
11.
|
|
Example.
You are covered by your employer's health insurance policy. The annual premium is $1,200. Your employer pays $300 and the
balance of $900 is
deducted from your wages. You also paid the entire premium ($250) for a personal health insurance policy.
During the year, you paid medical expenses of $3,600. In the same year, you were reimbursed $2,400 under your employer's policy
and $1,600 under
your own personal policy. The amount you must report as other income is figured as follows.
Worksheet C. Excess Reimbursement Includible in Income When You Have More Than One Policy—Illustrated
One Policy - Illustrated">
Instructions: Use this worksheet to figure the amount of
excess reimbursement you must include as income on your tax return when a) you are reimbursed under two or more health insurance
policies, b) at least
one of which is paid for by both you and your employer, and c) your employer's contributions are not included in your gross
income. If you and your
employer did not share in the cost of at least one policy, do not use this worksheet.
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1.
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Enter the reimbursement from your employer's policy
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1.
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2,400
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2.
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Enter the reimbursement from your own policy
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2.
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1,600
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3.
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Add lines 1 and 2
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3.
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4,000
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4.
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Divide line 1 by line 3
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4.
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.60
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5. |
Enter the total medical expenses you paid during the year. If this amount is at least as much as the
amount on line 3, stop here because there is no excess reimbursement.
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5.
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3,600
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6.
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Multiply line 4 by line 5
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6.
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2,160
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7.
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Subtract line 6 from line 1
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7.
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240
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8. |
Enter employer's contribution to the annual cost of the employer's policy
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8.
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300
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9.
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Enter total annual cost of the employer's policy
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9.
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1,200
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10.
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Divide line 8 by line 9. This is the percentage of your total excess reimbursement you must report as
other income
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10.
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.25
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11.
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Multiply line 7 by line 10. This is the amount of your total excess reimbursement you must report as other
income on Form 1040, line 21
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11.
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60
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What If You Receive Insurance Reimbursement in a Later Year?
If you are reimbursed in a later year for medical expenses you deducted in an earlier year, you generally must report the
reimbursement as income
up to the amount you previously deducted as medical expenses.
However, you do not report as income the amount of reimbursement you received up to the amount of your medical deductions
that did not reduce your
tax for the earlier year.
For more information about the recovery of an amount that you claimed as an itemized deduction in an earlier year, see Recoveries in
Publication 525, Taxable and Nontaxable Income.
What If You Are Reimbursed for Medical Expenses You Did Not Deduct?
If you did not deduct a medical expense in the year you paid it because your medical expenses were not more than 7.5% of your
adjusted gross
income, or because you did not itemize deductions, do not include the reimbursement, up to the amount of the expense, in income.
However, if the
reimbursement is more than the expense, see What If Your Insurance Reimbursement Is More Than Your Medical Expenses, earlier.
Example.
Last year, you had $500 of medical expenses. You cannot deduct the $500 because it is less than 7.5% of your adjusted gross
income. If, in a later
year, you are reimbursed for any of the $500 of medical expenses, you do not include that amount in your gross income.
How Do You Figure and Report the Deduction on Your Tax Return?
Once you have determined which medical care expenses you can include, figure and report the deduction on your tax return.
What Tax Form Do You Use?
You report your medical expense deduction on Schedule A, Form 1040. You cannot claim medical expenses on Form 1040A or Form
1040EZ. An example of a
filled-in medical and dental expense part of Schedule A is shown.
How Do You Figure Your Deduction?
To figure your medical and dental expense deduction, complete lines 1–4 of Schedule A, Form 1040, as follows:
Line 1.
Enter the amount you paid for medical expenses after reducing the amount by payments you received from insurance and
other sources.
Line 2.
Enter your adjusted gross income from Form 1040, line 37.
Line 3.
Multiply the amount on line 2 (adjusted gross income) by 7.5% (.075) and enter the result.
Line 4.
If line 3 is more than line 1, enter -0-. Otherwise, subtract the amount on line 3 from the amount on line 1. This
is your deduction for medical
and dental expenses.
Example.
Bill and Helen Jones belong to a group medical plan and part of their insurance is paid by Bill's employer. They file a joint
return, and their
adjusted gross income is $33,004. The following list shows the net amounts, after insurance reimbursements, that Bill and
Helen paid this year for
medical expenses.
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For themselves, Bill and Helen paid $375 for prescription medicines and drugs, $337 for hospital bills, $439 for doctor bills,
$295 for
hospitalization insurance, $380 for medical and surgical insurance, and $33 for transportation for medical treatment, which
totals $1,859.
-
For Grace Taylor (Helen's dependent mother), they paid $300 for doctors, $300 for insulin, and $175 for eyeglasses, which
totals
$775.
-
For Betty Jones (Bill's dependent sister), they paid $450 for doctors and $350 for prescription medicines and drugs, which
totals
$800.
Bill and Helen add all their medical and dental expenses together ($1,859 + $775 + $800 = $3,434). They figure their deduction
on the medical and
dental expenses part of Schedule A, Form 1040, as shown.
Recordkeeping. For each medical expense, you should keep a record of:
You can keep a record like the following.
Record of medical expenses
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Name of each person you paid
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Address of each person you paid
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Amount paid
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Date paid
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Transportation (mileage, taxi, etc.)
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1.
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2.
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3.
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4.
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5.
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6.
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7.
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8.
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9.
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You should also keep a statement or itemized invoice showing the following.
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What medical care was received.
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Who received the care.
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The nature and purpose of any other medical expenses.
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Who the other medical expenses were for.
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The amount of the other medical expenses and the date of payment.
Do not send these records with your return.
Sale of Medical Equipment or Property
If you deduct the cost of medical equipment or property in one year and sell it in a later year, you may have a taxable gain.
The taxable gain is
the amount of the selling price that is more than the adjusted basis of the equipment or property.
The adjusted basis is the portion of the cost of the equipment or property that you could not deduct because of the 7.5% limit
used to compute the
medical deduction. Use Worksheet D, later, to figure the adjusted basis of the equipment or property.
Worksheet D. Adjusted Basis of Medical Equipment or Property Sold
Instructions: Use this worksheet if you deducted the cost of medical equipment or
property in one year and sold the equipment or property in a later year. This worksheet will give you the adjusted basis of
the equipment or property
you sold.
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1.
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Enter the cost of the equipment or property.
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1.
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2.
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Enter your total includible medical expenses for the year you included the cost in your medical expenses
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2.
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3.
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Divide line 1 by line 2
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3.
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4.
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Enter 7.5% of your AGI for the year the cost was included in your medical expenses
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4.
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5.
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Multiply line 3 by line 4. If your allowable itemized deductions for the year you purchased the equipment or property were
not more
than your AGI for that year, stop here. This is the adjusted basis of the equipment or property. If your allowable itemized
deductions for the year
you purchased the equipment or property were more than your AGI for that year, complete lines 6 through 11
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5.
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6.
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Subtract line 5 from line 1
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6.
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7.
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Enter your total allowable itemized deductions for the year the cost was included in your medical expenses
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7.
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8.
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Divide line 6 by line 7
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8.
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9.
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Enter your AGI for the year the cost was included in your medical expenses
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9.
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10.
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Subtract line 9 from line 7
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10.
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11.
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Multiply line 8 by line 10.
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11.
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12.
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Add line 5 to line 11. If your allowable itemized deductions for the year you purchased the equipment or property were more
than your
AGI for that year, this is the adjusted basis of the equipment or property
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12.
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Next, use Worksheet E to figure the total gain or loss on the sale of the medical equipment or property.
Worksheet E. Gain or Loss On the Sale of Medical Equipment or Property
Instructions: Use the following worksheet to figure total gain or loss on the
sale of medical equipment or property that you deducted in an earlier year.
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1.
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Enter the amount that the medical equipment or property sold for
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1.
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2.
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Enter your selling expenses
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2.
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3.
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Subtract line 2 from line 1
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3.
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4.
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Enter the adjusted basis of the equipment or property from line 5 or Worksheet D, line 12
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4.
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5.
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Subtract line 4 from line 3. This is the total gain or loss from the sale of the medical equipment or property.
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5.
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If you have a loss, it is not deductible. If you have a gain, it is includible in your income. The part of the gain that is
a recovery of an amount
you previously deducted is taxable as ordinary income. Enter it on Form 1040, line 21. Any part of the gain that is more than
the recovery of an
amount you previously deducted, is taxable as a capital gain. Enter it on Schedule D (Form 1040).
For more information about the recovery of an amount that you claimed as an itemized deduction in an earlier year, see Recoveries in
Publication 525.
Example.
You have a heart condition and difficulty breathing. Your doctor prescribed oxygen equipment to help you breathe. Last year,
you bought the oxygen
equipment for $3,000. You itemized deductions and included it in your medical expense deduction.
Last year you also paid $10,750 for deductible medical services and $6,400 for other itemized deductions. Your adjusted gross
income (AGI) was
$15,000.
Taking into account the 7.5% limit on medical expenses, your allowable itemized deductions totaled $19,025, figured as follows:
You figure your adjusted basis as shown on the filled-in Worksheet D.
Worksheet D. Adjusted Basis of Medical Equipment or Property Sold—Illustrated
Instructions: Use this worksheet if you deducted the cost of medical
equipment or property in one year and sold the equipment or property in a later year. This worksheet will give you the adjusted
basis of the equipment
or property you sold.
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1.
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Enter the cost of the equipment or property.
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1.
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3,000
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2.
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Enter your total includible medical expenses for the year you included the cost in your medical expenses
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2.
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13,750
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3.
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Divide line 1 by line 2
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3.
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.218
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4.
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Enter 7.5% of your AGI for the year the cost was included in your medical expenses
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4.
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1,125
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5.
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Multiply line 3 by line 4. If your allowable itemized deductions for the year you purchased the equipment or property were
not more
than your AGI for that year, stop here. This is the adjusted basis of the equipment or property. If your allowable itemized
deductions for the year
you purchased the equipment or property were more than your AGI for that year, complete lines 6 through 11
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5.
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245
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6.
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Subtract line 5 from line 1
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6.
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2,755
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7.
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Enter your total allowable itemized deductions for the year the cost was included in your medical expenses
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7.
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19,025
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8.
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Divide line 6 by line 7
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8.
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.145
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9.
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Enter your AGI for the year the cost was included in your medical expenses
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9.
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15,000
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10.
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Subtract line 9 from line 7
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10.
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4,025
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11.
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Multiply line 8 by line 10.
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11.
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584
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12.
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Add line 5 to line 11. If your allowable itemized deductions for the year you purchased the equipment or property were more
than your
AGI for that year, this is the adjusted basis of the equipment or property.
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12.
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829
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This year you sold the oxygen equipment for $2,025 and you had selling expenses of $25. You must report on this year's
tax return part of the
$2,000 as ordinary income. To compute the part of the sales price that is taxable, you must determine the gain by subtracting
the total adjusted basis
from the selling price.
Worksheet E. Gain or Loss On the Sale of Medical Equipment or Property—Illustrated
Instructions: Use the following worksheet to figure gain or
loss on the sale of medical equipment or property that you deducted in an earlier year.
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1.
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Enter the amount that the medical equipment or property sold for
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1.
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2,025
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2.
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Enter your selling expenses
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2.
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25
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3.
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Subtract line 2 from line 1
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3.
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2,000
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4.
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Enter the adjusted basis of the equipment or property from line 5 or Worksheet D, line 12
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4.
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829
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5.
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Subtract line 4 from line 3. This is the total gain or loss from the sale of the medical equipment or property.
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5.
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1,171
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Determining gain.
The taxable gain is the amount of the selling price that is more than the equipment's adjusted basis. You realized
a gain of $1,171. In this case,
the entire amount represents the recovery of an amount previously deducted for federal income tax purposes and is taxable
as ordinary income.
Damages For Personal Injuries
If you receive an amount in settlement of a personal injury suit, part of that award may be for medical expenses that you
deducted in an earlier
year. If it is, you must include that part in your income in the year you receive it to the extent it reduced your taxable
income in the earlier year.
See What If You Receive Insurance Reimbursement in a Later Year, discussed earlier.
Example.
You sued this year for injuries you suffered in an accident last year. You sought $10,000 for your injuries and did not itemize
your damages. Last
year, you paid $500 for medical expenses for your injuries. You deducted those expenses on last year's tax return. This year
you settled your lawsuit
for $2,000. Your settlement did not itemize or allocate the damages. The $2,000 is first presumed to be for the medical expenses
that you deducted.
The $500 is includible in your income this year because the entire $500 was allowed as a medical expense deduction last year.
Future medical expenses.
If you receive an amount in settlement of a damage suit for personal injuries, part of that award may be for future
medical expenses. If it is, you
must reduce any future medical expenses for these injuries until the amount you received has been completely used.
Example.
You were injured in an accident. You sued and sought a judgment of $50,000 for your injuries. You settled the suit for $45,000.
The settlement
provided that $10,000 of the $45,000 was for future medical expenses for your injuries. You cannot include the first $10,000
that you pay for medical
expenses for those injuries.
Workers' compensation.
If you received workers' compensation and you deducted medical expenses related to that injury, you must include the
workers' compensation in
income up to the amount you deducted. If you received workers' compensation, but did not deduct medical expenses related to
that injury, no workers'
compensation is includible in your income.
Impairment-Related Work Expenses
If you are disabled, you can take a business deduction for expenses that are necessary for you to be able to work. If you
take a business deduction
for these impairment-related work expenses, they are not subject to the 7.5% limit that applies to medical expenses.
You are disabled if you have:
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A physical or mental disability (for example, blindness or deafness) that functionally limits your being employed, or
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A physical or mental impairment (for example, a sight or hearing impairment) that substantially limits one or more of your
major life
activities, such as performing manual tasks, walking, speaking, breathing, learning, or working.
Impairment-related expenses defined.
Impairment-related expenses are those ordinary and necessary business expenses that are:
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Necessary for you to do your work satisfactorily,
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For goods and services not required or used, other than incidentally, in your personal activities, and
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Not specifically covered under other income tax laws.
Where to report.
If you are self-employed, deduct the business expenses on the appropriate form (Schedule C, C-EZ, E, or F) used to
report your business income and
expenses.
If you are an employee, complete Form 2106, Employee Business Expenses, or Form 2106-EZ, Unreimbursed Employee Business
Expenses. Enter on Schedule
A (Form 1040), line 27, that part of the amount on Form 2106, line 10, or Form 2106-EZ, line 6, that is related to your impairment.
Enter the amount
that is unrelated to your impairment on Schedule A (Form 1040), line 20. Your impairment-related work expenses are not subject
to the
2%-of-adjusted-gross-income limit that applies to other employee business expenses.
Example.
You are blind. You must use a reader to do your work. You use the reader both during your regular working hours at your place
of work and outside
your regular working hours away from your place of work. The reader's services are only for your work. You can deduct your
expenses for the reader as
business expenses.
Health Insurance Costs for Self-Employed Persons
If you were self-employed and had a net profit for the year, were a general partner (or a limited partner receiving guaranteed
payments), or
received wages from an S corporation in which you were a more than 2% shareholder (who is treated as a partner), you may be
able to deduct, as an
adjustment to income, up to 100% of the amount paid for medical and qualified long-term care insurance on behalf of yourself,
your spouse, and
dependents.
The insurance plan must be established under your trade or business, and you cannot take this deduction to the extent that
the amount of the
deduction is more than your earned income from that trade or business.
You cannot take this deduction for any month in which you were eligible to participate in any subsidized health plan maintained
by your employer or
your spouse's employer. This rule is applied separately to plans that provide long-term care insurance and plans that do not
provide long-term care
insurance.
If you qualify to take the deduction, use the Self-Employed Health Insurance Deduction Worksheet in the Form 1040 instructions
to figure the amount
you can deduct. But if any of the following applies, do not use the worksheet.
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You had more than one source of income subject to self-employment tax.
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You file Form 2555, Foreign Earned Income, or Form 2555-EZ, Foreign Earned Income Exclusion.
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You are using amounts paid for qualified long-term care insurance to figure the deduction.
If you cannot use the worksheet in the Form 1040 instructions, use the worksheet in Publication 535, Business Expenses, to
figure your
deduction.
Note.
When figuring the amount you can deduct for insurance premiums, do not include any advance payments shown on Form 1099-H,
box 1, Health Coverage
Tax Credit (HCTC) Advance Payments. Also, if you are claiming the health coverage tax credit, subtract the amount shown on
Form 8885, line 4 (reduced
by any advance payments shown on line 6 of that form), from the total insurance premiums you paid.
Where to report.
You take this deduction on Form 1040, line 31. If you itemize your deductions and do not claim 100% of your self-employed
health insurance on line
31, include any remaining premiums with all other medical care expenses on Schedule A (Form 1040), subject to the 7.5% limit.
Health Coverage Tax Credit
There is a health coverage tax credit available to certain individuals who receive a pension benefit from the Pension Benefit
Guaranty Corporation
(PBGC) or are eligible to receive certain Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) or who are eligible for the Alternate Trade Adjustment
Assistance (ATAA)
program. You qualify for this credit if you:
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Are an eligible individual,
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Pay for qualified health insurance covering an eligible coverage month for yourself or for yourself and qualifying family
members,
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Do not have other specified coverage, and
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Are not in prison.
You qualify for this credit on a month-by-month basis. If you qualify, you can claim a credit equal to 65% of the premiums
you pay for
qualified health insurance.
You can either take this credit on your tax return or have it paid on your behalf in advance to your insurance company. Your
payments and any
payments paid on your behalf in advance are treated as having been made on the first day of the month for which they are made.
If the credit is paid
on your behalf in advance, that amount will reduce the amount of the credit you can claim on your tax return. If you received
National Emergency Grant
(NEG) payments during 2004 for qualified health insurance, that amount will also reduce the amount of the credit you can claim.
You are an eligible individual for any month during which one of the following is true.
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You receive a TAA for individuals under the Trade Act of 1974 for at least one day in the month.
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You would receive a TAA but do not because you have not yet exhausted your unemployment benefits, and are covered under a
TAA
certification.
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You are a worker receiving a supplemental wage allowance under section 246 of the Trade Act of 1974 for such month.
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You are at least 55 years old as of the first day of the month and are receiving pension benefits from the PBGC.
Once you qualify under (1) or (2) above, you remain eligible for the first month that you otherwise cease to be eligible.
Example.
You receive a TAA for individuals during May, but do not receive another for the rest of the year. You are eligible for the
health coverage tax
credit for both May and June.
You are not an eligible individual if an exemption can be claimed for you on another person's tax return.
ATAA workers.
If you are eligible for the Alternative Trade Adjustment Assistance (ATAA) program, you are eligible for this credit
for a period not to exceed two
years if you:
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Are covered by a qualifying certification,
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Are reemployed not more than 26 weeks after the date of separation from the adversely affected employment,
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Are at least 50 years of age,
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Do not earn more than $50,000 a year in wages from reemployment,
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Are employed on a full-time basis, and
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Do not return to the employment from which you were separated.
You can include the premiums you pay for qualified health insurance for qualifying family members in figuring your credit.
Qualifying family
members are:
However, if any otherwise qualifying family member has other specified coverage (defined later), then that person is not
a qualifying family
member. Also, your spouse is not your qualifying family member if:
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You are married on the last day of your tax year,
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Your spouse is also an eligible individual, and
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You file separate returns.
Children of divorced parents.
If a child is in the custody of one or both of the child's parents for more than one-half of the year, the child is
generally considered the
dependent of the parent having custody for the greater part of the year (the custodial parent) if the parents either:
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Are divorced or legally separated under a decree of divorce or separate maintenance,
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Are separated under a written separation agreement, or
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Lived apart at all times during the last 6 months of the year.
For purposes of the health coverage tax credit, a child in this situation is treated as the dependent of the custodial
parent even if:
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The custodial parent cannot claim an exemption for the dependent child because that parent released any claim to the exemption
for the year,
or
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There is a pre-1985 decree or agreement that entitles the noncustodial parent to the exemption.
Legally separated.
You are not considered married if you are legally separated from your spouse under a decree of divorce or separate
maintenance. You can claim the
credit on a separate return.
Married and living apart.
You are not considered married and can claim the credit if all of the following apply.
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You file a separate return.
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Your home is the home of a qualifying person (defined later) for more than half the year.
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You pay more than half the cost of keeping up your home for the year.
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Your spouse does not live in your home for the last 6 months of the year.
Qualifying person.
A qualifying person is any of the following individuals.
Qualified Health Insurance
The following health insurance qualifies for the credit.
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COBRA continuation coverage. (This is coverage that employers with 20 or more employees must offer to employees or former
employees and
their beneficiaries who have lost coverage because of certain events.)
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Coverage under a group health plan that is available through the employment of your spouse. (But see Other Specified Coverage,
later.)
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Coverage under an individual health insurance policy if you were covered during the entire 30-day period that ends on the
date you separated
from the employment which qualified you for the allowance or benefit as an eligible individual (defined earlier). For this
purpose, coverage under an
individual health insurance policy includes medical insurance offered to individuals and their families, but does not include
coverage under a
federal, state, or other group health insurance policy.
State-qualified health insurance.
The following health insurance qualifies for the credit to the extent the sponsoring state elects to have it apply.
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State-based continuation coverage provided by the state under a state law that requires such coverage.
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Coverage offered through a qualified state high-risk pool.
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Coverage under a health insurance program offered to state employees or a similar state-based health insurance program.
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Coverage through an arrangement entered into by the state and a group health plan, an issuer of health insurance coverage,
an administrator,
or an employer.
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Coverage offered through a state arrangement with a private sector health care coverage purchasing pool.
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Coverage under a state-operated health plan that does not receive any federal financial participation.
To find out which plans are qualified for your state, you can:
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Visit the website,
www.irs.gov, type “hctc” in the IRS keyword box, click on
“go,” and then under Resources, click on A list of Qualified Health Plans organized by state, or
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You can call 1-866-628-4282 (tollfree) (or TDD/TTY 1-866-626-4282) between 7:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. central time, Monday through
Friday.
Nonqualified Health Insurance
The following health insurance does not qualify for the credit.
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Medicare supplemental (Medigap) insurance, Tricare supplemental insurance, or similar supplemental insurance to an employer-sponsored
group
health plan.
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Any insurance if substantially all of the coverage is:
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Coverage for on-site medical clinics,
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Hospital indemnity or other fixed indemnity insurance,
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Accident or disability income insurance (or a combination of the two),
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Liability insurance,
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A supplement to liability insurance,
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Workers' compensation or similar insurance,
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Automobile medical payment insurance,
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Credit-only insurance,
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Limited scope dental or vision benefits,
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Benefits for long-term care, nursing home care, home health care, community-based care (or any combination), or
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Coverage for only a specified disease or illness.
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Coverage under a flexible spending or similar arrangement.
Insurance that covers other individuals.
If you have qualified health insurance that covers anyone besides yourself and your qualifying family member(s), (defined
earlier), you may not be
able to take into account all of your payments. You cannot treat an amount as paid for insurance for yourself and qualifying
family members unless all
of the following requirements are met.
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The charge for insurance for yourself and qualifying family members is either separately stated in the contract or furnished
to you by the
insurance company in a separate statement.
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The amount you paid for insurance for yourself and qualifying family members is not more than the charge that is stated in
the contract or
furnished by the insurance company.
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The amount stated in the contract or furnished by the insurance company is not unreasonably large in relation to the total
charges under the
contract.
Eligibility for the credit is determined on a monthly basis. An eligible coverage month is any month in which, as of the first
day of the month,
you:
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Are an eligible individual (defined earlier),
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Are covered by qualified health insurance (defined earlier) that you pay for,
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Do not have other specified coverage (defined later), and
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Are not imprisoned under federal, state, or local authority.
If you file a joint return, only one spouse has to satisfy the requirements.
Even if you are otherwise eligible, you are not eligible for the credit for a month if, as of the first day of the month,
you have other specified
coverage. Other specified coverage is coverage under the following.
-
Any insurance which constitutes medical care (unless substantially all of that insurance is for benefits listed earlier under
(1) or (2)
under Nonqualified Health Insurance) if at least 50% of the cost of the coverage is paid by an employer (or former employer) of you or your
spouse.
-
Any of the following government health programs:
-
Medicare Part A or Part B,
-
Medicaid, or the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP),
-
The Federal Employees Health Benefit Plan (FEHBP), or
-
Tricare, the medical and dental care program for members and certain former members of the uniformed services and their dependents.
Two important points here are that you are not entitled to the credit for a month, if on the first day of that month, you
are either:
-
Covered by Medicare, or
-
Covered by a group health plan available through your or your spouse's employer and the employer contributes 50% or more of
the
premium.
To claim the credit, complete Form 8885, Health Coverage Tax Credit, and attach it to your Form 1040 or Form 1040NR. Report
the credit o n Form
1040, line 69, or Form 1040NR, line 63, and check box c. You cannot claim the credit on Form 1040A or Form 1040EZ.
You must attach invoices and proof of payment for any amounts you include on Form 8885, line 2, for which you did not receive
an advance payment.
If you file your return electronically, attach the invoices and proof of payment to your Form 8453. Proof of payment may include
a pay stub if
insurance is through a spouse's employment, a bank check, or bank statement for premiums that are automatically deducted from
your account.
If you claim this credit, you cannot take the same expenses that you use to figure your health coverage tax credit into account
in determining
your:
-
Medical and dental expenses on Schedule A (Form 1040),
-
Self-employed health insurance deduction, or
-
Archer Medical Savings Account (MSA) distributions.
Refundable and Advanceable
You can claim this credit and receive a refund even if you do not owe any taxes or earn any income.
You can get your credit in advance by calling the HCTC customer contact center at 1-866-628-4282 (tollfree) (or TDD/TTY 1-866-626-4282)
between
7:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. central time, Monday through Friday, to register. The Treasury Department will pay your insurer 65%
of your health insurance
premiums as you pay the remaining 35%. The amount of the credit you can claim on your tax return will be reduced by the amount
of the credit you
receive in advance.
You can get help with unresolved tax issues, order free publications and forms, ask tax questions, and get more information
from the IRS in several
ways. By selecting the method that is best for you, you will have quick and easy access to tax help.
Contacting your Taxpayer Advocate.
If you have attempted to deal with an IRS problem unsuccessfully, you should contact your Taxpayer Advocate.
The Taxpayer Advocate independently represents your interests and concerns within the IRS by protecting your rights
and resolving problems that
have not been fixed through normal channels. While Taxpayer Advocates cannot change the tax law or make a technical tax decision,
they can clear up
problems that resulted from previous contacts and ensure that your case is given a complete and impartial review.
To contact your Taxpayer Advocate:
-
Call the Taxpayer Advocate toll free at
1-877-777-4778.
-
Call, write, or fax the Taxpayer Advocate office in your area.
-
Call 1-800-829-4059 if you are a TTY/TDD user.
-
Visit the website at
www.irs.gov/advocate.
For more information, see Publication 1546, The Taxpayer Advocate Service of the IRS—How To Get Help With Unresolved
Tax Problems.
Free tax services.
To find out what services are available, get Publication 910, IRS Guide to Free Tax Services. It contains a list of
free tax publications and an
index of tax topics. It also describes other free tax information services, including tax education and assistance programs
and a list of TeleTax
topics.
Internet. You can access the IRS website 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, at
www.irs.gov to:
-
E-file your return. Find out about commercial tax preparation and e-file services available free to eligible
taxpayers.
-
Check the status of your 2004 refund. Click on Where's My Refund. Be sure to wait at least 6 weeks from the date you filed your
return (3 weeks if you filed electronically) and have your 2004 tax return available because you will need to know your filing
status and the exact
whole dollar amount of your refund.
-
Download forms, instructions, and publications.
-
Order IRS products online.
-
See answers to frequently asked tax questions.
-
Search publications online by topic or keyword.
-
View Internal Revenue Bulletins (IRBs) published in the last few years.
-
Figure your withholding allowances using our Form W-4 calculator.
-
Sign up to receive local and national tax news by email.
-
Get information on starting and operating a small business.
Fax. You can get over 100 of the most requested forms and instructions 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, by fax. Just call 703-368-9694
from the telephone connected to your fax machine. When you call, you will hear instructions on how to use the service. The
items you request will be
faxed to you.
For help with transmission problems, call 703-487-4608.
Long-distance charges may apply.
Phone. Many services are available by phone.
-
Ordering forms, instructions, and publications. Call 1-800-829-3676 to order current-year forms, instructions, and publications
and prior-year forms and instructions. You should receive your order within 10 days.
-
Asking tax questions. Call the IRS with your tax questions at 1-800-829-1040.
-
Solving problems. You can get face-to-face help solving tax problems every business day in IRS Taxpayer Assistance Centers. An
employee can explain IRS letters, request adjustments to your account, or help you set up a payment plan. Call your local
Taxpayer Assistance Center
for an appointment. To find the number, go to
www.irs.gov/localcontacts or
look in the phone book under United States Government, Internal Revenue Service.
-
TTY/TDD equipment. If you have access to TTY/TDD equipment, call 1-800-829-4059 to ask tax questions or to order forms and
publications.
-
TeleTax topics. Call 1-800-829-4477 and press 2 to listen to pre-recorded messages covering various tax topics.
-
Refund information. If you would like to check the status of your 2004 refund, call 1-800-829-4477 and press 1 for automated
refund information or call 1-800-829-1954. Be sure to wait at least 6 weeks from the date you filed your return (3 weeks if
you filed electronically)
and have your 2004 tax return available because you will need to know your filing status and the exact whole dollar amount
of your refund.
Evaluating the quality of our telephone services. To ensure that IRS representatives give accurate, courteous, and professional answers,
we use several methods to evaluate the quality of our telephone services. One method is for a second IRS representative to
sometimes listen in on or
record telephone calls. Another is to ask some callers to complete a short survey at the end of the call.
Walk-in. Many products and services are available on a walk-in basis.
-
Products. You can walk in to many post offices, libraries, and IRS offices to pick up certain forms, instructions, and
publications. Some IRS offices, libraries, grocery stores, copy centers, city and county government offices, credit unions,
and office supply stores
have a collection of products available to print from a CD-ROM or photocopy from reproducible proofs. Also, some IRS offices
and libraries have the
Internal Revenue Code, regulations, Internal Revenue Bulletins, and Cumulative Bulletins available for research purposes.
-
Services. You can walk in to your local Taxpayer Assistance Center every business day to ask tax questions or get help with a tax
problem. An employee can explain IRS letters, request adjustments to your account, or help you set up a payment plan. You
can set up an appointment by
calling your local Center and, at the prompt, leaving a message requesting Everyday Tax Solutions help. A representative will
call you back within 2
business days to schedule an in-person appointment at your convenience. To find the number, go to
www.irs.gov/localcontacts or
look in the phone book under United States Government, Internal Revenue Service.
Mail. You can send your order for forms, instructions, and publications to the Distribution Center nearest to you and receive a
response
within 10 business days after your request is received. Use the address that applies to your part of the country.
-
Western part of U.S.:
Western Area Distribution Center
Rancho Cordova, CA 95743-0001
-
Central part of U.S.:
Central Area Distribution Center
P.O. Box 8903
Bloomington, IL 61702-8903
-
Eastern part of U.S. and foreign addresses:
Eastern Area Distribution Center
P.O. Box 85074
Richmond, VA 23261-5074
CD-ROM for tax products. You can order Publication 1796, IRS Federal Tax Products CD-ROM, and obtain:
-
Current-year forms, instructions, and publications.
-
Prior-year forms and instructions.
-
Frequently requested tax forms that may be filled in electronically, printed out for submission, and saved for recordkeeping.
-
Internal Revenue Bulletins.
Buy the CD-ROM from National Technical Information Service (NTIS) on the Internet at
www.irs.gov/cdorders for $22 (no handling fee) or call 1-877-233-6767 toll free to buy the CD-ROM for $22 (plus a $5 handling fee). The
first release is available in early January and the final release is available in late February.
CD-ROM for small businesses. Publication 3207, The Small Business Resource Guide, CD-ROM 2004, is a must for every small business owner
or any taxpayer about to start a business. This handy, interactive CD contains all the business tax forms, instructions, and
publications needed to
successfully manage a business. In addition, the CD provides an abundance of other helpful information, such as how to prepare
a business plan,
finding financing for your business, and much more. The design of the CD makes finding information easy and quick and incorporates
file formats and
browsers that can be run on virtually any desktop or laptop computer.
It is available in early April. You can get a free copy by calling 1-800-829-3676 or by visiting the website at
www.irs.gov/smallbiz.
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